Used as an electron-accepting material in organic photovoltaics (OPVs) due to its strong electron-withdrawing nitrile groups and extended π-conjugated pyrene core. Facilitates efficient charge separation and electron transport in active layers of solar cells. Also employed in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and as a building block for covalent organic frameworks (COFs) targeting optoelectronic applications. Its thermal stability and tunable electronic properties make it suitable for use in light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and fluorescent sensors.