Used as a key building block in the synthesis of conjugated organic frameworks and metal-organic ligands, this compound plays a significant role in coordination chemistry. Its aldehyde groups allow for further functionalization via Schiff base reactions, enabling the creation of imine-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) or porous polymers. The bipyridine core provides strong chelating sites for transition metals, making it valuable in the development of catalytic systems, especially in homogeneous catalysis and sensor design. It is also employed in the construction of luminescent complexes and materials for optoelectronic applications due to its extended π-conjugation and ability to stabilize metal ions.