Tilorone (CAS 2757-90-6) is a synthetic small-molecule chemical compound with the formula C₂₅H₃₄N₂O₃ and molecular weight 410.55 g/mol. It is classified as a specialty chemical, primarily used in pharmaceutical research and as an antiviral agent due to its immunomodulatory properties. Tilorone stimulates the production of interferons, which are proteins that help the body's immune system fight off viral infections. This makes it useful in the treatment and prevention of viral illnesses, particularly influenza and other respiratory viral infections. It has been used in some countries, such as in Eastern Europe and Russia, as a prophylactic agent during outbreaks in tablet or oral solution forms, due to its ability to enhance the body’s natural defense mechanisms. Additionally, tilorone has shown potential in modulating inflammatory responses, which may benefit conditions involving immune dysregulation. Research also explores its application in combating certain RNA and DNA viruses, owing to its broad-spectrum antiviral activity. However, there are ongoing debates regarding its long-term efficacy and safety, and it is not widely approved in many countries.