Merimepodib is primarily investigated for its potential in treating viral infections, particularly hepatitis C, due to its ability to inhibit host cell enzymes that viruses rely on for replication. It acts as an immunosuppressive and antiviral agent by targeting inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), an enzyme involved in the synthesis of guanosine nucleotides. By reducing the availability of these nucleotides, merimepodib limits the ability of viruses to replicate within host cells. It has also been explored in combination therapies with direct-acting antivirals to enhance treatment efficacy and reduce the likelihood of drug resistance. Additionally, merimepodib has shown promise in preclinical studies for other RNA viruses, including coronaviruses, due to its broad-spectrum antiviral activity. Its host-targeted mechanism makes it a candidate for treating infections where viral mutations may render traditional antivirals less effective.