BMS-378806 is primarily investigated for its antiviral properties, specifically as an inhibitor of HIV entry into host cells. It targets the interaction between the HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120 and the host cell receptor CD4, effectively blocking the initial step of viral infection. This mechanism makes it a potential candidate for the development of new HIV therapeutics, especially in cases where resistance to existing drug classes is a concern. Due to its unique mode of action, BMS-378806 has been used in research settings to study viral entry mechanisms and to design next-generation entry inhibitors. It also serves as a structural template for optimizing compounds with improved potency and pharmacokinetic profiles in the fight against HIV-1.