Bofutrelvir is an antiviral agent primarily investigated for its potential in treating viral infections, particularly those caused by RNA viruses. It functions as a protease inhibitor, disrupting the replication cycle of the virus by preventing the cleavage of viral polyproteins, which is essential for producing functional viral components. This mechanism makes it a candidate for use in early-stage antiviral therapy, where inhibiting viral replication can reduce disease progression. It has shown activity in preclinical studies against certain coronaviruses, drawing interest during outbreaks of respiratory viral diseases. Bofutrelvir is being explored for oral formulation, which would support outpatient treatment and broad distribution in pandemic scenarios. Research is ongoing to evaluate its efficacy, safety, and potential for combination with other antivirals.