Cabotegravir is primarily used as a long-acting antiretroviral medication for the treatment and prevention of HIV-1 infection. It is administered via intramuscular injection, offering a convenient alternative to daily oral medications. For treatment, it is often combined with another long-acting drug, rilpivirine, to suppress viral replication in individuals with undetectable viral loads. In HIV prevention, it is used as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to reduce the risk of acquiring HIV in high-risk populations. Its long-acting nature improves adherence and reduces the burden of daily pill-taking, making it a valuable option in HIV management and prevention strategies.