Bay 41-4109 racemate is primarily researched for its potential antiviral properties, particularly in the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. It functions by targeting the HBV core protein, disrupting the assembly of viral capsids, which are essential for the virus's replication and survival. This mechanism makes it a promising candidate for developing new therapies aimed at reducing viral load and potentially achieving a functional cure for HBV. Its application is currently in the experimental and preclinical stages, with ongoing studies to evaluate its efficacy, safety, and potential for clinical use.