Peramivir Trihydrate is primarily used as an antiviral medication for the treatment of influenza. It is administered intravenously, making it a suitable option for patients who cannot take oral medications. It works by inhibiting the neuraminidase enzyme, which is essential for the replication of the influenza virus. This makes it effective in reducing the severity and duration of flu symptoms, especially when administered within the first 48 hours of symptom onset. It is often used in hospital settings for patients with severe influenza or those at high risk of complications, such as the elderly, young children, or individuals with compromised immune systems. Its intravenous administration ensures rapid absorption and effectiveness, making it a critical option in managing influenza outbreaks.