AZT triphosphate is the active triphosphorylated metabolite of zidovudine (AZT), primarily utilized in biochemical research and as a key component in understanding antiretroviral mechanisms for HIV/AIDS treatment. It functions by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme, which is crucial for the replication of the HIV virus. By incorporating itself into the viral DNA chain as a chain terminator, it prevents further elongation and multiplication of the virus. This compound is studied in combination with other antiretroviral agents to enhance efficacy and reduce drug resistance. Its role is critical in managing viral load and improving outcomes for patients living with HIV.