Cabotegravir sodium is primarily used in the prevention and treatment of HIV-1 infection. It is a long-acting integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) administered as an injectable formulation, making it a convenient option for individuals who prefer not to take daily oral medications. This drug is often used in combination with rilpivirine as part of a complete regimen for maintaining viral suppression in adults who have achieved stable viral control. Its long-acting nature allows for monthly or bimonthly injections, reducing the burden of daily pill intake and improving adherence. Additionally, it is being explored for use in pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV infection in high-risk populations. The injectable form offers a discreet and effective alternative to traditional oral therapies, enhancing patient compliance and quality of life.