Brincidofovir is primarily used as an antiviral medication, particularly effective against DNA viruses. It is often employed in the treatment of infections caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV), adenovirus, and herpesviruses. The drug is especially valuable in immunocompromised patients, such as those undergoing organ transplants or receiving chemotherapy, who are at higher risk of severe viral infections. Brincidofovir works by inhibiting viral DNA replication, thereby reducing the viral load and controlling the infection. Its oral bioavailability makes it a convenient option for outpatient treatment. Additionally, it has been explored for use in combating emerging viral threats, including smallpox and other orthopoxviruses, due to its broad-spectrum antiviral activity.