Pleconaril is primarily used as an antiviral agent, particularly effective against picornaviruses, which include viruses like enteroviruses and rhinoviruses. Its main application is in the treatment of viral infections such as the common cold, meningitis, and encephalitis caused by these viruses. The compound works by integrating into the viral capsid, preventing the virus from attaching to and entering host cells, thereby inhibiting viral replication. In clinical settings, pleconaril has been explored for its potential to reduce the severity and duration of symptoms in patients suffering from acute respiratory infections. It has also been investigated for use in immunocompromised patients who are at higher risk of severe viral infections. Additionally, pleconaril has shown promise in treating enteroviral infections in neonates, where rapid intervention is critical. Despite its potential, the use of pleconaril is somewhat limited by concerns over side effects and the development of viral resistance. However, ongoing research continues to explore its efficacy and safety in various therapeutic contexts, particularly in outbreaks of enteroviral diseases where treatment options are limited.