Glecaprevir is primarily used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. It is often combined with another antiviral agent, pibrentasvir, to form a highly effective combination therapy. This combination targets multiple genotypes of HCV, making it a versatile option for patients with different strains of the virus. The treatment is particularly beneficial for individuals who have not responded to previous therapies or those with compensated cirrhosis. Glecaprevir works by inhibiting the NS3/4A protease enzyme, which is crucial for viral replication, thereby reducing the viral load in the body. The therapy is typically administered orally, offering a convenient and less invasive treatment option. It has shown high cure rates with a shorter duration of treatment compared to older regimens, significantly improving patient outcomes and quality of life. Additionally, it is used in patients with HIV/HCV co-infection, providing a comprehensive approach to managing complex cases.