GSK-1349572A is primarily utilized in the treatment of HIV infections. It functions as an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI), which plays a crucial role in preventing the virus from integrating its genetic material into the host's DNA. This action effectively halts the replication of the virus, thereby reducing the viral load in the body. It is often included as a key component in combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens, which are essential for managing HIV and improving the quality of life for patients. Its high efficacy and favorable safety profile make it a valuable option in both treatment-naive individuals and those who have developed resistance to other antiretroviral drugs. Additionally, it is being studied for its potential use in pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV infection in high-risk populations.