Bithionol sulfoxide is primarily used in the treatment of parasitic infections, particularly those caused by liver flukes and certain tapeworms. It works by disrupting the energy metabolism of the parasites, leading to their elimination from the host. This compound is especially effective in veterinary medicine for treating infections in livestock, helping to maintain animal health and prevent economic losses in the agricultural sector. Additionally, it has been explored for its potential antifungal properties, although this application is less common. Its use requires careful dosage management to minimize potential side effects and ensure effective treatment.