DSM265 is primarily used in the treatment of malaria, particularly as an antimalarial agent targeting the Plasmodium parasite. It works by inhibiting the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), which is crucial for the parasite's pyrimidine biosynthesis, effectively stopping its growth and replication. This compound has shown promise in both treating and preventing malaria, especially in cases where resistance to other antimalarial drugs is a concern. Its long half-life allows for less frequent dosing, making it a potential candidate for use in malaria-endemic regions. Research is ongoing to evaluate its efficacy, safety, and potential for combination therapies.