Used as a radioprotective agent to reduce side effects of radiation therapy in cancer patients. Helps protect healthy tissues from radiation damage due to its free radical scavenging properties.

Employed in the treatment of cystinosis, a rare genetic disorder, by reducing cystine accumulation in cells (e.g., as cysteamine bitartrate in oral formulations like Cystagon).

Applied topically in dermatology for skin lightening and treating hyperpigmentation conditions such as melasma, freckles, and age spots, by inhibiting melanin production and acting as an antioxidant.

Used in cosmetics and skincare products to reduce wrinkles, brighten skin, repair sun-damaged or polluted skin, and even out skin tone due to its antioxidant and depigmenting properties.

Applied in research settings for its antioxidant effects, ability to modulate cellular redox states, and role in maintaining cellular thiol levels. Investigated for potential use in treating neurodegenerative conditions and metabolic disorders.

Can serve as an intermediate or reagent in laboratory synthesis of biomolecules due to its reactive thiol functional group.