Histatin 5 is primarily known for its role in oral health, particularly in wound healing and antimicrobial activity. It is a naturally occurring peptide in human saliva that helps protect the oral cavity from infections by targeting bacteria and fungi, including Candida albicans, which is responsible for oral thrush. Its ability to disrupt microbial membranes makes it effective in preventing and treating oral infections. Additionally, Histatin 5 promotes the regeneration of oral tissues, aiding in the healing of wounds and ulcers in the mouth. Research has also explored its potential in developing therapeutic agents for oral care products, such as mouthwashes and gels, to enhance oral hygiene and manage infections.