Oleandomycin is primarily used as an antibiotic in the treatment of various bacterial infections. It is effective against a range of Gram-positive bacteria and some Gram-negative bacteria. The compound is often employed in veterinary medicine to treat infections in livestock and poultry. In human medicine, it has been used to combat respiratory tract infections, skin infections, and other bacterial diseases. Additionally, Oleandomycin is utilized in research settings to study bacterial resistance mechanisms and to develop new antibacterial agents. Its role in inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria makes it a valuable tool in both clinical and experimental contexts.