Sodium 4-aminosalicylate is primarily used in the treatment of tuberculosis, particularly in cases where patients are resistant to or intolerant of other first-line medications. It functions as an antibiotic by inhibiting the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium responsible for tuberculosis. The compound is often administered in combination with other antitubercular drugs to enhance its efficacy and reduce the risk of developing drug resistance. Additionally, it has been explored for its potential anti-inflammatory properties, which may be beneficial in managing certain inflammatory conditions. Its use requires careful monitoring due to potential side effects, including gastrointestinal disturbances and hypersensitivity reactions.