Arteannuin L is primarily investigated for its potential antimalarial properties, showing activity against Plasmodium species, including strains resistant to conventional drugs like chloroquine. It contributes to the broader class of sesquiterpene lactones derived from Artemisia annua, which are of interest in developing new antiparasitic therapies. Research also suggests possible anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects, with studies exploring its role in inducing apoptosis in certain tumor cell lines. Due to its structural similarity to artemisinin, it serves as a lead compound in the synthesis of more potent derivatives. Its applications remain largely in the preclinical research phase, focusing on drug development and mechanistic studies in parasitology and oncology.