Arteannuin M is primarily investigated for its potential antimalarial properties, showing activity against Plasmodium species, including strains resistant to conventional drugs like chloroquine. It contributes to the broader class of sesquiterpene lactones derived from Artemisia annua, which are studied for synergistic effects in combination therapies. Research also explores its anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities, particularly in inhibiting proliferation of certain tumor cell lines. Due to its structural similarity to artemisinin, it serves as a lead compound in developing new derivatives with enhanced bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. Its application remains mostly in preclinical research and drug development rather than clinical or industrial use.