Echinocandin B is a natural lipopeptide antifungal compound primarily utilized as a key precursor in the semisynthesis of clinically important echinocandin derivatives, such as anidulafungin, which are used to treat invasive fungal infections. These derivatives, including caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin, inhibit the synthesis of beta-(1,3)-D-glucan, a crucial component of the fungal cell wall, resulting in cell lysis and fungal death. This mechanism provides efficacy against various fungal pathogens, notably Candida and Aspergillus species. Echinocandin derivatives are particularly valuable in clinical settings for immunocompromised patients, such as those receiving chemotherapy or undergoing organ transplantation, who face elevated risks of fungal infections. Furthermore, research is exploring the potential of Echinocandin B in anticancer applications, leveraging its properties to inhibit the growth of certain cancer cells. Its pivotal role in antifungal drug development underscores its importance in modern therapeutics.