Zonisamide sodium is primarily used in the treatment of epilepsy, particularly as an adjunctive therapy for partial seizures in adults. It works by stabilizing electrical activity in the brain and reducing the frequency of seizures. Additionally, it has shown potential in managing other neurological conditions, such as Parkinson's disease and migraine prevention, due to its neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. Its ability to modulate sodium and calcium channels contributes to its therapeutic effects. It is often prescribed when other antiepileptic drugs are ineffective or not well-tolerated.