Dapagliflozin is primarily used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It works by inhibiting the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) in the kidneys, which helps to lower blood glucose levels by promoting the excretion of excess glucose through urine. This mechanism of action is beneficial for patients who need better glycemic control, especially when other medications are not sufficient. Additionally, dapagliflozin has shown benefits in reducing the risk of cardiovascular events, such as heart failure, in patients with type 2 diabetes. It is also used in the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, even in patients without diabetes, as it helps to improve heart function and reduce hospitalizations. Furthermore, dapagliflozin has been found to aid in weight loss and lower blood pressure, providing additional health benefits for patients with metabolic and cardiovascular conditions.