Used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus as an oral antihyperglycemic agent. It functions by inhibiting the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) enzyme, thereby increasing the levels of active incretin hormones such as GLP-1 and GIP. This leads to enhanced glucose-dependent insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and reduced glucagon secretion from alpha cells, resulting in better glycemic control. It is often prescribed as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic agents like metformin, sulfonylureas, or insulin. Known for its long duration of action, it allows for once-daily dosing and is suitable for patients requiring improved postprandial and fasting blood glucose regulation with a low risk of hypoglycemia.