Razuprotafib is primarily investigated for its therapeutic potential in improving blood flow and oxygen delivery in tissues, particularly in conditions involving microvascular dysfunction. It has been studied in the context of diabetic complications, such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy, where impaired blood flow contributes to nerve damage and symptoms like pain, numbness, and loss of sensation in extremities. The compound works by activating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, which helps restore endothelial function and enhances red blood cell flexibility, allowing better passage through narrowed or damaged small blood vessels.

Its application extends to potential use in other ischemic conditions where microcirculation is compromised. Clinical development has focused on slowing disease progression and improving quality of life in diabetic patients, especially those with advanced neuropathy. Due to its mechanism of targeting cellular energy regulation and vascular health, razuprotafib represents a disease-modifying approach rather than just symptomatic relief.