Used primarily in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, this compound improves glycemic control by increasing insulin sensitivity in muscle and adipose tissue. It helps lower blood glucose levels by enhancing the body's response to insulin, reducing hepatic glucose production, and improving lipid metabolism. It is often prescribed as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic agents such as metformin or insulin. Its action on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) modulates the transcription of genes involved in glucose and lipid homeostasis. Due to its effects on fat redistribution and potential cardiovascular risks, clinical use requires monitoring of liver function, heart health, and bone fracture risk, especially in long-term therapy.