Elafibranor is primarily used in the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a severe form of fatty liver disease. It functions by activating two key nuclear receptors—PPARα and PPARδ—that play roles in regulating lipid metabolism, glucose homeostasis, and inflammation. By targeting these pathways, Elafibranor helps reduce liver fat accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis, which are hallmark features of NASH. Clinical studies have shown that Elafibranor can improve liver histology in patients with NASH, including reductions in ballooning degeneration and lobular inflammation, without worsening fibrosis. It is also being investigated for its potential benefits in improving insulin sensitivity and reducing cardiovascular risk factors in metabolic syndrome. Due to its dual agonist activity, Elafibranor offers a multi-faceted approach to treating complex metabolic diseases, making it a promising candidate for patients with NASH, particularly those at risk of progressing to cirrhosis or liver failure. Development efforts continue to evaluate its long-term efficacy and safety profile in larger patient populations.