Acetohexamide is primarily used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It functions as an oral hypoglycemic agent, helping to lower blood sugar levels by stimulating the pancreas to release insulin. This medication is particularly effective in patients who cannot control their blood sugar through diet and exercise alone. It is often prescribed as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes lifestyle modifications. Acetohexamide is typically taken once daily, and its dosage is adjusted based on the patient's response and blood glucose levels. Regular monitoring of blood sugar is essential to ensure the medication is working effectively and to avoid potential hypoglycemic episodes.