Agomelatine is primarily used in the treatment of major depressive episodes in adults. It functions by restoring the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain, particularly by targeting melatonin receptors and serotonin receptors. This dual action helps regulate sleep-wake cycles and improves mood, making it particularly effective for patients with depression who also experience sleep disturbances. Its unique mechanism of action offers an alternative for individuals who may not respond well to other antidepressants. Additionally, it is associated with fewer sexual side effects compared to some other medications in its class, enhancing patient compliance and quality of life.