Selurampanel is primarily investigated for its potential in treating neurological disorders, particularly epilepsy. It acts as a competitive antagonist at the AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) receptor, which plays a key role in excitatory neurotransmission. By modulating excessive glutamate activity, selurampanel helps reduce neuronal hyperexcitability associated with seizures. It has been studied in clinical trials for drug-resistant partial-onset seizures, showing promise as an adjunctive therapy. Additionally, due to its mechanism of action, it has been explored for use in other conditions involving glutamate excitotoxicity, such as neuropathic pain and certain neurodegenerative diseases. Its development highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting ionotropic glutamate receptors in central nervous system disorders.