Norcantharidin is primarily used in medical and pharmaceutical research due to its potential anticancer properties. It has been studied for its ability to inhibit the growth of various cancer cells, including those in the liver, bladder, and breast. The compound works by inducing apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in cancer cells, making it a promising candidate for cancer therapy. Additionally, norcantharidin has shown potential in enhancing the immune response, which could be beneficial in combination with other cancer treatments. Beyond oncology, it has been explored for its antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects, suggesting broader therapeutic applications. However, further clinical trials are necessary to fully understand its efficacy and safety in humans.