Nagilactone B is a bioactive compound primarily studied for its potential applications in medicine and agriculture due to its diverse pharmacological properties. It has shown significant potential as an anticancer agent, with research indicating its ability to inhibit the growth of various cancer cell lines, particularly lung and colon cancer, by inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. This compound is also being explored for its anti-inflammatory effects, which could make it a candidate for treating chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and autoimmune disorders, by inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators like cytokines and prostaglandins. Additionally, Nagilactone B has demonstrated antifungal and antibacterial activities, suggesting its use in developing new antimicrobial agents for treating fungal infections of the skin and internal organs, as well as bacterial infections. Its role in plant biology is also noteworthy, as it exhibits plant growth-regulating properties, which could be harnessed in agriculture to enhance crop yields and manage plant diseases. Ongoing research continues to uncover its multifaceted applications, though further studies are needed to confirm efficacy and safety for human use, making it a compound of interest in both pharmaceutical and agricultural sciences.