Used as a potent inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I, reducing cellular energy production in cancer cells. Shows promise in preclinical studies for inducing apoptosis in various tumor types, including lung, breast, and colon cancers. Investigated for its anti-angiogenic properties, helping to suppress tumor growth by inhibiting new blood vessel formation. Also studied for chemopreventive activity due to its ability to modulate signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt and NF-κB. Potential use in research on inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases due to its broad cellular effects. Not approved for clinical use; primarily employed in laboratory research.