Lincomycin hydrochloride is primarily used as an antibiotic to treat bacterial infections. It is effective against a variety of Gram-positive bacteria, including streptococci, staphylococci, and pneumococci. In clinical settings, it is often prescribed for infections of the respiratory tract, skin, and soft tissues. Additionally, it is utilized in veterinary medicine to treat infections in animals, particularly in livestock and poultry. The compound works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, thereby stopping the growth and spread of the bacteria. Its use is typically reserved for cases where other antibiotics may not be effective due to resistance or specific bacterial sensitivity.