Used primarily as an antibacterial agent, especially in the treatment of respiratory tract infections, spiramycin I is effective against a range of Gram-positive bacteria and some Gram-negative organisms. It is commonly employed in veterinary medicine and has been used in human medicine for the prevention and treatment of toxoplasmosis, particularly in pregnant women to reduce the risk of fetal transmission. Its ability to accumulate in phagocytic cells enhances its utility in treating intracellular pathogens. Additionally, spiramycin I has been explored for use in dental infections and as a prophylactic agent in patients allergic to penicillin.