Used primarily as a calcium ionophore in biological research, enabling controlled influx of calcium ions into cells. Widely applied in immunology and cell signaling studies to activate intracellular pathways dependent on calcium, such as those involving calmodulin and protein kinase C. Commonly used to stimulate T-cells and other immune cells in vitro, mimicking antigen-induced activation. Also employed in studies of exocytosis, apoptosis, and mitochondrial function due to its ability to disrupt calcium homeostasis. Frequently combined with phorbol esters to fully activate lymphocytes in experimental models.