Used primarily as a selective agent in cell culture to eliminate non-transfected cells when working with puromycin resistance genes. Commonly applied in stable cell line development, allowing researchers to maintain selective pressure for plasmids carrying resistance markers. Also utilized in studies involving protein synthesis inhibition, particularly in eukaryotic systems, due to its ability to interfere with ribosomal function. Its solubility in aqueous solutions makes it suitable for direct addition to culture media without filtration in many cases. Widely used in molecular biology and genetic engineering workflows for efficient selection and maintenance of genetically modified cells.