Balsalazide is primarily used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, particularly ulcerative colitis. It works by delivering mesalamine, an anti-inflammatory agent, directly to the colon, where it helps reduce inflammation and symptoms such as diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and abdominal pain. This targeted delivery minimizes systemic absorption, reducing the risk of side effects. It is often prescribed for patients who have not responded well to other treatments or who require a more localized therapy. Balsalazide is typically administered orally in the form of capsules, making it a convenient option for long-term management of chronic conditions.