Abrocitinib is primarily used in the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis, particularly in cases where other treatments have proven ineffective or unsuitable. It works by inhibiting the activity of Janus kinase 1 (JAK1), which plays a key role in the inflammatory processes associated with skin conditions. This targeted action helps reduce inflammation, itching, and other symptoms, improving the quality of life for patients. It is often prescribed for adults and adolescents who require systemic therapy to manage their condition effectively.