Zaurategrast ethyl ester sulfate is primarily used in medical research and therapeutics as an α4β1 integrin antagonist. It is known for its potential as an anti-inflammatory agent, particularly in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) and other central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory diseases. The compound inhibits the migration of immune cells into the CNS, reducing inflammation and slowing disease progression. It has been studied in clinical trials for relapsing-remitting MS, with preliminary explorations for other chronic inflammatory conditions involving immune dysregulation.