Dimethyl sulfoxide is widely used as a solvent in chemical reactions due to its ability to dissolve a broad range of organic and inorganic compounds. It is particularly valuable in the pharmaceutical industry for drug formulation and delivery, as it enhances the penetration of active ingredients through biological membranes. In cell biology, it serves as a cryoprotectant, protecting cells from damage during freezing and thawing processes. Additionally, it is employed in the synthesis of polymers and in the production of certain industrial chemicals. Its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties also make it a component in topical medications for pain relief and skin conditions.