Poly(ethylene glycol) is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry as a base for ointments, suppositories, and topical creams due to its water-soluble and non-irritating properties. It serves as a lubricating coating for various medical devices, such as catheters and surgical tools, to reduce friction and improve patient comfort. In drug formulations, it acts as a solvent, stabilizer, or carrier to enhance the bioavailability and solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients.

In biotechnology, it is utilized in cell culture and protein purification processes to promote cell fusion and precipitation of proteins. It is also a key component in the production of nanoparticles for drug delivery systems, improving their stability and targeting efficiency.

In the industrial sector, it is employed as a plasticizer in the manufacturing of plastics, adhesives, and coatings, providing flexibility and durability. Additionally, it is used in personal care products like lotions, shampoos, and toothpaste for its moisturizing and thickening properties.

In research, it is commonly used as a cryoprotectant to preserve biological samples during freezing, preventing ice crystal formation and cell damage. Its versatility and biocompatibility make it a valuable compound across various fields.