Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is a versatile polymer widely used across various industries due to its water solubility, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity. In pharmaceuticals, it serves as a solvent, binder, and lubricant in tablet formulations, improving drug solubility and bioavailability. It is also a base for ointments, creams, suppositories, eye drops, and contact lens solutions. In bioconjugation, PEG modifies proteins and peptides to enhance stability and reduce immunogenicity. In biotechnology, it supports cell culture and cryopreservation, protecting cells during freezing and thawing.

In the food industry, PEG acts as a thickener, stabilizer, and anti-caking agent in select products. In cosmetics and personal care, it provides moisturizing and texture-improving properties. Industrially, it functions as a surfactant, emulsifier, and dispersing agent in paints, coatings, and adhesives, and is used in anti-fouling surface treatments. In laboratory settings, it aids in protein and DNA separation and purification.