Oxcarbazepine is primarily used in the treatment of epilepsy, specifically for managing partial seizures in both adults and children. It works by stabilizing electrical activity in the brain, preventing abnormal bursts of nerve signals that can lead to seizures. The medication is often prescribed as a monotherapy or in combination with other antiepileptic drugs, depending on the severity and type of seizures. Additionally, it is sometimes used off-label for conditions like bipolar disorder and neuropathic pain, where its mood-stabilizing and pain-relieving properties can be beneficial. Due to its relatively favorable side effect profile compared to other antiepileptic drugs, it is a preferred choice for long-term management in many patients. Regular monitoring is recommended to ensure therapeutic efficacy and minimize potential adverse effects.