Gabapentin is primarily used in the treatment of epilepsy, particularly for managing partial seizures. It is often prescribed as an adjunctive therapy alongside other antiepileptic medications. Additionally, it is widely utilized for managing neuropathic pain, such as that associated with diabetic neuropathy or postherpetic neuralgia. In some cases, it is also prescribed off-label for conditions like restless legs syndrome, migraines, and certain anxiety disorders. Its mechanism involves modulating calcium channels in the nervous system, which helps reduce abnormal electrical activity and pain signals. Gabapentin is valued for its relatively mild side effect profile compared to other medications in its class, making it a preferred option for long-term management of chronic conditions.