Used as an emulsifier and pH adjuster in cosmetics and personal care products, helping to mix oil and water-based ingredients, stabilize formulations, and reduce skin irritation. Commonly found in lotions, creams, sunscreens, and face washes.

Acts as a corrosion inhibitor and pH controller in industrial coolants, antifreeze solutions, and metalworking fluids.

Employed in gas treating to remove acidic gases like carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from natural gas streams.

Serves as a buffering agent in pharmaceuticals. In cleaning products, it maintains pH, enhances foaming, and improves surfactant efficiency in dishwashing liquids, laundry detergents, and surface cleaners.

In textiles, used to improve dyeing processes.

In cement production, used as a grinding aid to improve grinding efficiency and reduce dust; also applied in concrete to influence setting times.