Used as a catalyst in the production of polyurethane foams, enhancing the reaction between isocyanates and polyols to control foam rise and cure. Also serves as a catalyst in the synthesis of elastomers and coatings. Acts as a curing agent for epoxy resins, improving mechanical and thermal properties. Employed in gas treatment processes to remove CO₂ and H₂S from natural gas and refinery streams due to its strong basicity. Used as a building block in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and surfactants.